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python问题解决汇总

python admin 418℃

1、问题：服务代码需要python2.6运行，安装的扩展需要python2.7以上
解决：指定版本安装

 pip install SQLAlchemy==1.0.9  -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple  --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

import sqlalchemy
print sqlalchemy.__version__

常用pip源:

  阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  豆瓣(douban) http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
  清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
  中国科学技术大学 http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

2、Tornado 错误 “Global name ‘memoryview’ is not defined”
解决：

pip uninstall tornado
pip install tornado==2.1.1

3、mac python2.7安装pip报错：

Installing collected packages: pip
  WARNING: The scripts pip, pip2 and pip2.7 are installed in '/Users/yongmenggan/Library/Python/2.7/bin' which is not on PATH.
  Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.

解决：

echo 'export PATH=/Users/yongmenggan/Library/Python/2.7/bin:$PATH' >>~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

4、pip安装zeroc-ice报错：

src/ice/cpp/src/Ice/ConnectionI.cpp:27:21: 致命错误：.....

解决：
原因是缺失相关依赖包 mcpp、bzip2、expat等
安装相关依赖包：

yum install lmdb-devel mcpp-devel
yum install bzip2-devel
yum install expat-devel

如果提示没有相关包，可以执行以下命令：

yum -y install epel-release
yum update

Python 字符串反转义:

str1 = r"teststr" # 加r反转义
str2 = "teststr" #被转义

python3 UnicodeEncodeError: ‘gbk’ codec can’t encode character ‘\xxx’
print输出乱码：

sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.buffer,encoding='utf8')

安装Crypto

from Crypto.Cipher import AES

pip3 install Crypto
pip3 install pycryptodome

找到site-packages目录，将crypto改成Crypto

D:\www\python3\Lib\site-packages

python2.7.5安装pip:

cd /usr/local/src/
# 安装setuptools
wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b5/96/af1686ea8c1e503f4a81223d4a3410e7587fd52df03083de24161d0df7d4/setuptools-46.1.3.zip
unzip setuptools-46.1.3.zip
cd setuptools-46.1.3
python setup.py install
# 安装pip
wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d1/05/059c78cd5d740d2299266ffa15514dad6692d4694df571bf168e2cdd98fb/pip-20.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pip-20.1.tar.gz
cd pip-20.1/
python setup.py install

python2.7 安装pip插件时，提示setuptools版本过高：

************************************************************
    You are running Setuptools on Python 2, which is no longer
    supported and
    >>> SETUPTOOLS WILL STOP WORKING <<<
    in a subsequent release (no sooner than 2020-04-20).
    Please ensure you are installing
    Setuptools using pip 9.x or later or pin to `setuptools<45`
    in your environment.
    If you have done those things and are still encountering
    this message, please follow up at
    https://bit.ly/setuptools-py2-warning.
    ************************************************************

降级解决：

pip install --user "setuptools<45"

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